RBSE Class 12 Biology,Biology Diagrams PDF 2026,Important Biology Diagrams,Biology Graphs Tables,RBSE Biology Printable

Binary Fission in Amoeba (Diagram)

✔ Diagram suitable for 3–5 marks | Black & white exam-safe

Budding in Hydra (Diagram)

✔ 3–5 marks diagram
✔ Board-style, black & white safe
✔ Perfect for print & PDF

Binary Fission in Paramecium (Diagram)

✔ Frequently asked diagram
✔ Clear nucleus division shown

Asexual Reproduction – Quick Comparison

Type	Organism	Key Feature
Binary fission	Amoeba	One parent → two offspring
Multiple fission	Plasmodium	Many daughter cells
Budding	Hydra	Bud develops into new organism

Longitudinal Section (L.S.) of a Flower

✔ 5-marks labelled diagram | Clean B/W | A4 print perfect

Structure of Ovule (L.S.)

✔ Ovule L.S. asked frequently | Labels NCERT-style

Double Fertilisation in Angiosperms

✔ Unique feature of angiosperms | Flow diagram = high scorer

Key Structures & Functions

Structure	Function
Stigma	Receives pollen grains
Style	Path for pollen tube
Ovary	Contains ovules
Ovule	Forms seed after fertilisation

Male Reproductive System (Diagram)

✔ 5-marks labelled | Clean B/W | A4 print perfect

Female Reproductive System (Diagram)

✔ Frequently asked | Proper proportions | Exam-safe

Menstrual Cycle (28 Days) – Graph

✔ Graph-based question ready | High scorer (3–5 marks)

Key Structures & Functions

Part	Function
Testes	Sperm & testosterone production
Ovary	Ova & hormones
Uterus	Foetal development
Fallopian tube	Site of fertilisation

Monohybrid Cross (Tt × Tt)

✔ 3–5 marks | Clear ratios | Board-style

Dihybrid Cross (RrYy × RrYy)

✔ Law of Independent Assortment | Diagram-based question ready

Pedigree Chart – Haemophilia (X-linked)

✔ Sex-linked inheritance | 5-marks pedigree question ready

Important Ratios (Quick Recall)

Cross	Genotypic Ratio	Phenotypic Ratio
Monohybrid	1 : 2 : 1	3 : 1
Dihybrid	—	9 : 3 : 3 : 1

DNA Double Helix (Diagram)

✔ 5-marks diagram | Complementary base pairing clear

DNA Replication Fork (Diagram)

✔ Semi-conservative replication | Enzymes highlighted

Transcription (DNA → RNA)

✔ Process flow | Short-note friendly

Translation (mRNA → Protein)

✔ Initiation–Elongation–Termination concept clear

Key Processes – One Look

Process	Template	Product
Replication	DNA	DNA
Transcription	DNA	RNA
Translation	mRNA	Protein

Homologous vs Analogous Organs (Comparison Diagram)

✔ 5-marks comparison | Clean B/W | NCERT-style

Natural Selection (Flow Diagram)

✔ Darwinism core concept | Flow answers score high

Adaptive Radiation – Darwin’s Finches

✔ Adaptive radiation | Diagram-based question ready

Human Evolution (Timeline)

✔ Short note + diagram | 3–5 marks

Key Evolution Concepts – One Look

Concept	Key Point
Homologous organs	Same origin, different function
Analogous organs	Different origin, same function
Adaptive radiation	Diversification from common ancestor
Natural selection	Survival of the fittest

Life Cycle of Plasmodium (Malaria)

✔ Very common diagram | 5 marks | Flow based

Immune Response (Flow Diagram)

✔ Active immunity concept | High scoring flow

Vaccination Response (Antibody Level vs Time)

✔ Difference between primary & secondary response

Common Diseases – One Look

Disease	Pathogen	Transmission
Malaria	Plasmodium	Mosquito bite
Typhoid	Salmonella	Contaminated food/water
Pneumonia	Bacteria/Virus	Air droplets

Plant Breeding – Stepwise Process

✔ HYV development | Flow-based answer scores high

Poultry Farming (System Diagram)

✔ Eggs & meat production | Short-note friendly

Inland Fish Culture (Pond System)

✔ Protein source | Frequently asked diagram

Bee-Keeping (Apiculture) – Hive Structure

✔ Honey & wax production | 3–5 marks diagram

Food Production – One Look

Practice	Purpose
Plant breeding	High-yield, disease-resistant crops
Poultry	Eggs & meat
Fishery	Protein source
Apiculture	Honey & wax

Industrial Fermenter (Stirred Tank Bioreactor)

✔ Antibiotics, enzymes production | 5-marks diagram

Sewage Treatment Plant (Flow Diagram)

✔ BOD reduction | Frequently asked flow

Biogas Plant (Methanogenesis)

✔ Renewable energy | Methane production clear

Biofertilisers – Root Nodules (Rhizobium)

✔ Sustainable agriculture | 3–5 marks

Microbes – Uses at a Glance

Area	Microbe	Product / Role
Industry	Yeast	Alcohol
Medicine	Penicillium	Antibiotics
Energy	Methanobacterium	Biogas
Agriculture	Rhizobium	Biofertiliser

Recombinant DNA Technology – Stepwise Flow

✔ rDNA steps in order | Flow-based answers score high

Action of Restriction Enzyme (Sticky Ends)

✔ Molecular scissors concept | NCERT-aligned

Plasmid Vector – Essential Features

✔ ori, marker, cloning site | 3–5 marks diagram

Plasmid Vector – Essential Features

✔ ori, marker, cloning site | 3–5 marks diagram

PCR Cycle (Denaturation → Annealing → Extension)

✔ PCR temperatures included | Very frequent question

Downstream Processing – Steps

✔ Industrial production step | Short-note ready

Downstream Processing – Steps

✔ Industrial production step | Short-note ready

Biotechnology – One Look

Tool / Process	Function
Restriction enzyme	Cuts DNA at specific sites
Ligase	Joins DNA fragments
Vector	Transfers foreign DNA
PCR	Amplifies DNA

Production of Human Insulin (Recombinant DNA Technology)

✔ Very important application | 5 marks | Board favourite

Gene Therapy – ADA Deficiency

✔ Direct NCERT example | Flow diagram question

Bt Cotton (Transgenic Crop)

✔ GM crop | Pest resistance | 3–5 marks

Molecular Diagnosis (PCR & ELISA)

✔ Diagnosis based questions | Short notes ready

Biotechnology Applications – One Look

Application	Example	Purpose
Medicine	Insulin	Diabetes treatment
Gene therapy	ADA deficiency	Correct genetic disorder
Agriculture	Bt cotton	Insect resistance
Diagnosis	PCR, ELISA	Early disease detection

Population Growth Curves (J-shaped & S-shaped)

✔ Exponential & Logistic growth | 5 marks graph

Logistic Growth & Carrying Capacity (K)

✔ K concept clear | Frequently asked

Population Interactions

✔ Predation & mutualism | Diagram-based answer

Abiotic Factors Affecting Population

✔ Ecology theory answers | Short-note friendly

Organisms & Populations – One Look

Concept	Key Point
Exponential growth	Unlimited resources, J-curve
Logistic growth	Limited resources, S-curve
Carrying capacity (K)	Maximum population supported
Population interactions	Predation, mutualism, competition