Unit 1 of NCERT Class 6 English Poorvi introduces students to the timeless tradition of fables and folk tales. The unit contains three pieces, each teaching a powerful life lesson:
A Bottle of Dew — A story by Sudha Murty about the power of hard work over shortcuts
The Raven and the Fox — A poem by Jean de La Fontaine about the danger of pride and flattery
Rama to the Rescue — A comic strip folktale from Tamil Nadu (Amar Chitra Katha) about cleverness in danger
Core Theme of this Unit:
Wisdom, hard work, and cleverness are more valuable than magic, pride, or shortcuts. Each story delivers this truth through memorable characters and situations.
Written by Sudha Murty | Type: Story / Folk Tale | Pages 1–12
Word Meanings — A Bottle of Dew
Word / Phrase
Meaning
Large tracts of land
Large areas of land
Potion
A liquid with magical properties
Give up
To stop trying
Dew
Small drops of water on leaves that form during the night
Chant
To repeat or sing a word or phrase
Tended
Looked after; cared for
Muttered
Spoke in a low voice
Precious
Valuable; of great worth
Wisdom
Deep understanding and good judgment
Plantation
A large area of land where crops are grown systematically
Sage
A wise and respected person, often a holy man
Summary — A Bottle of Dew
Part I — Rama Natha inherited large tracts of land from his father but ignored them completely. He was obsessed with finding a magic potion that could turn any object into gold. He wasted his time and money while his wife Madhumati worried that they would soon have nothing left.
One day, a famous sage named Mahipati arrived in their town. The sage told Rama Natha that such a potion did exist — but making it required great effort. He asked Rama Natha to plant banana plants, water them by hand, collect morning dew from the leaves every winter, and bring five litres of dew to him.
Part II — Rama Natha cleaned his long-empty fields and planted banana plants. He tended them carefully and collected dew every winter. His wife Madhumati sold the banana crop in the market for good prices. Over six years, they built a huge banana plantation. Finally, Rama Natha had five litres of dew.
Conclusion — Rama Natha brought the bottle to the sage, who performed a ritual but the copper vessel did not turn to gold. Furious, Rama Natha felt cheated. But sage Mahipati called Madhumati forward — she opened a big box filled with gold coins earned from six years of honest work! The sage revealed: there is no magic potion. It was hard work that created the wealth. He had used this trick because Rama Natha would never have listened to simple advice. From that day, Rama Natha worked even harder on his plantation.
Moral: Hard work is the only real magic. Consistent effort over time creates wealth, not shortcuts or magic.
Exercise Answers — A Bottle of Dew
Let us discuss (Page 3)
Q1. What did Rama Natha believe?
Rama Natha believed that there was a magic potion that could turn any object into gold. He spent all his time and money searching for it.
Q2. How did the sage help Rama Natha?
The sage cleverly tricked Rama Natha into farming his land by giving him a goal that required hard work. Though the task seemed to be about making a magic potion, it was actually a way to get Rama Natha to use his land productively and create real wealth through six years of consistent effort.
Q3. Do you think Rama Natha will be able to collect the dew? Give a reason.
Yes, Rama Natha will be able to collect the dew. His strong and determined desire to get the magic potion will motivate him to work hard and look after the plants patiently for years without giving up.
Let us discuss (Page 5)
Q1. Why was Rama Natha angry?
Rama Natha was angry because when he sprinkled the dew on a copper vessel, nothing happened. The vessel did not turn to gold. He felt he had wasted six precious years of his life chasing a false dream.
Q2. How did Rama Natha and Madhumati create wealth?
Rama Natha cleaned his fields, planted banana plants, and tended them carefully for six years while collecting dew. Madhumati gathered the banana crop and sold it in the market at good prices. Over the years, this built a large plantation and earned them a box full of gold coins.
Let us think and reflect (Pages 6–7)
I.1(i) Rama Natha did not 'give up' because ___________.
Rama Natha did not 'give up' because he was completely convinced that a magic potion existed and was determined to find it no matter what.
I.1(ii) What Happened → Outcome Table
What Happened
Outcome
A. People promised to tell Rama Natha about the magic potion.
They cheated him; he lost his money but still kept searching.
B. Rama Natha was spending a lot of money.
Madhumati was worried they would soon be without money.
I.1(iii) True or False
A. Madhumati was troubled about what her husband did. — True
B. Rama Natha was very happy digging his fields. — False
C. The sage wanted to show the right path to Rama Natha. — True
I.2(i) Correct order of events
Answer: (b) B, A, D, C, E
B → Rama Natha gave the bottle to the sage.
A → The sage smiled.
D → He said something in a low voice over the water.
C → Rama Natha dropped a few drops on a copper vessel.
E → Rama Natha waited to see if the magic worked.
I.2(ii) Seeing that the plant had dried up, the gardener __________ some water on it.
sprinkled
I.2(iii) How might Rama Natha have felt when nothing happened to the copper vessel?
Rama Natha must have felt shocked, deeply disappointed, and cheated. After six long years of patient hard work and hope, seeing nothing happen would have made him furious and helpless at the same time.
II.1 What did the sage ask Rama Natha to do to make the magic potion?
The sage asked Rama Natha to: (1) plant banana plants and water them regularly by hand; (2) collect morning dew from the leaves every winter; (3) store the dew in a bottle; (4) bring five litres of dew to the sage, who would chant magic words over it.
II.2 Why did the sage ask Rama Natha to do everything himself?
The sage asked Rama Natha to do everything himself because only personal effort would make him understand and feel the value of hard work. If workers had done it for him, he would not have learned the lesson of honest labour. The experience had to be his own.
II.3 How could Rama Natha have a big banana plantation after six years?
Rama Natha built the plantation by consistently cleaning his fields, planting more banana plants each year, and tending them with care. His wife Madhumati sold the bananas in the market, and the profits were reinvested. Over six years, their combined effort grew a single plot into a huge plantation.
II.4 How did the sage make Rama Natha believe that there is no magic potion?
The sage performed a ritual over the dew water, but the copper vessel did not turn to gold. He then called Madhumati forward with a box full of gold coins — money earned from their own hard work. By showing Rama Natha that the real "gold" had come from labour, not magic, the sage made the truth undeniable.
II.5 Before and After Table about Rama Natha
Before Meeting the Sage
After Meeting the Sage
(i) He spent all his time chasing a magic potion and neglected his land.
(i) He cleaned his fields and planted banana plants.
(ii) He wasted money on people who cheated him about the potion.
(ii) He worked consistently on his plantation and created real wealth through honest effort.
Let us Listen / Speak / Write — A Bottle of Dew
Let us Listen — Correct Order of Events (Page 10)
Based on the listening transcript, the correct numbering of events in the order they happened:
Event
Correct Order Number
Gives two bananas to a boy who is hungry
6
Meets her friend Kalawati in the market
3
Visits her mother and gives her two dozen bananas
1
Chooses to go home as only some bananas were left
5
Visits her neighbour and gifts them a bunch of bananas
There was a farmer who had a huge coconut plantation. He worked hard and did not depend on luck. Every day was difficult but he did not give up. One day, a man bought a bag of coconuts from him, and promised to pay him the money the next day. Days passed and the man did not pay him anything. The farmer felt cheated. About two months later, he met the same man and asked him about his money. The man said, "Oh! I had forgotten. Now, I remember buying coconuts from you." And he paid the money. (Extra words not used: spending, market)
Let us Learn — Connecting Words (Page 9)
Completed Sentence
The children submitted their work before the bell rang.
He did not want to try rock climbing because of his fear of heights.
The children ran towards the gate as soon as the bell rang.
Nitin was late to school today as there was a traffic jam.
Let us Speak — Sound of 's' (Page 10)
Word
Sound of 's'
beds
/z/
sand
/s/
clothes
/z/
sea
/s/
was
/z/
keys
/z/
bags
/z/
nose
/z/
Poem 2: The Raven and the Fox
Written by Jean de La Fontaine | Type: Poem / Fable | Pages 13–19
Word Meanings — The Raven and the Fox
Word
Meaning
Perched
Sat on a branch
Limb
A branch of a tree
Morsel
A small piece of food
Seek
To look for something
Admiring tones
Speaking with praise and appreciation
Croak
A harsh, low sound made by ravens/crows
Foolish pride
Excessive and unwise self-admiration
Eyed
Looked with interest at something; watched closely
Pride
A feeling that you are better than others
Woods
A smaller area of forest with similar kinds of trees
Unwise
Not sensible; showing poor judgment
Glow
A warm, happy feeling from praise
Summary — The Raven and the Fox
Stanza 1: Mr Raven sits on a branch (limb) of a tree, holding a piece of food (morsel) in his beak. The crafty fox Reynard looks up at him, desperately wanting the food.
Stanza 2: The fox flatters the raven with sweet words — praising his beauty and magnificent feathers. He then suggests that if the raven could only sing, all the birds of the woods would call him their King.
Stanza 3: The raven, blinded by pride, forgets his voice is just a croak. He opens his beak to sing — and the morsel falls to the ground. The fox quickly grabs it.
Stanza 4: The fox laughs and teaches the raven a lesson: ignore empty praise that makes you feel good; pride is unwise because it causes you to lose what you have.
Moral: Do not let pride and flattery cloud your judgment. Sweet words can be used to trick you into losing what you already have.
Exercise Answers — The Raven and the Fox
Let us discuss — Fill in the Blanks (Page 14)
Stanza 1: (i) bird (ii) Reynard (iii) a piece of food Stanza 2: (i) good-looking (ii) sing (iii) woods Stanza 3: (i) forgot (ii) sing (iii) food Stanza 4: (i) laughed (ii) wise (iii) lesson
Let us discuss — Word Meanings Match (Page 15)
1. perched → (iv) sat on a branch |
2. morsel → (i) a small piece of food |
3. seek → (v) to look for something |
4. pride → (iii) feeling that you are better than others |
5. eyed → (ii) looked with interest at something |
6. limb → (vii) branch of a tree |
7. woods → (vi) a smaller area of forest with similar kind of trees
Let us think and reflect (Pages 16–17)
II.1(i) 'Such feathers' refer to ___________ feathers.
A. shiny and beautiful — The fox praises the raven's feathers to flatter him.
II.1(ii) Why would the birds of the woods call the Raven 'King'?
This was false flattery by the fox. He said the birds would crown the raven King if he could sing beautifully, because his looks were already kingly. It was not true — the fox said this only to trick the raven into opening his beak so the food would fall.
II.1(iii) Why does the Fox address the Raven as 'Sir'?
The Fox calls the Raven 'Sir' to show false respect and make the Raven feel important. This excessive politeness is a flattery tactic to win the Raven's trust so that he would be foolish enough to try singing.
II.2(i) Why did the Raven open his beak?
The Raven opened his beak to sing, because the Fox's flattery filled him with pride. He became so convinced that he was a great bird that he forgot his voice was just a croak.
II.2(ii) Fox : clever :: Raven : ___________
foolish
III. Why does the Raven forget that his voice is just a croak?
The Raven forgets the truth about his own voice because the Fox's sweet and excessive praise fills him with pride. Pride blinds us to our own weaknesses and makes us believe things that are not true. The Raven's vanity was stronger than his awareness of reality.
IV. How does Reynard make the Raven sing?
Reynard flatters the Raven step by step — first praising his handsome appearance and beautiful feathers, then suggesting that if the Raven could only sing, all the birds of the woods would call him King. This appeal to the Raven's vanity and desire for status makes him open his beak to sing, dropping the food.
V. Why does Reynard say that pride is not wise?
Reynard says pride is not wise because the Raven's excessive pride made him easy to fool. It clouded his judgment, making him ignore the truth about his own voice. As a result, he lost his food. Pride made him vulnerable to being cheated.
VI. Give one reason why the teaching is quite a surprise.
The teaching is a surprise because the Raven expected only humiliation after losing his food. Instead, the fox (who had just tricked him) gave him a wise lesson about the dangers of pride — this unexpected wisdom from a cunning trickster is the surprise.
VII. Imagine someone praises you too much. How would you react?
If someone praises me too much, I would be happy but cautious. I would think about whether the praise is genuine or whether the person wants something in return. The story of the Raven teaches us to be wise when we receive flattery and not let our ego cloud our judgment.
Let us Learn / Listen — The Raven and the Fox
Let us Learn — Rhyming Words (Page 16)
Stanza
Rhyming Pairs
Stanza 1
(i) limb – him | (ii) beak – seek
Stanza 2
(i) word – bird | (ii) sing – King
Stanza 3
(i) joke – croak | (ii) pride – eyed
Stanza 4
(i) know – glow | (ii) unwise – surprise
Let us Learn — Alliteration (Page 17)
📌 Alliteration: Repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words.
Given example from text:
"For the Raven held in his great big beak" — 'big' and 'beak' both begin with /b/ sound.
Another example from Stanza 2:
"woods would" — both words begin with /w/ sound. ("The birds of these woods would call you King.")
Let us Learn — Opposites (Page 17)
Word
Opposite
perched
flew
forgot
remembered
foolish
wise
pride
humility
laughed
cried
ignore
notice
glow
dim
(Extra words not used: happy, silly)
Let us Listen — True or False (Page 18)
Based on the transcript (what the crow did after he lost his food):
1. The crow was unhappy that he lost his food. — True
2. The crow thought that his lovely feathers made him smart. — False (The crow said: even if he doesn't have beautiful feathers, he is smart)
3. The crow wanted to tell his friends not to be proud. — True
Village policeman; officer in charge of a police station
Rescue
To save someone from danger
Wonder
A feeling of surprise and admiration
Yard
An area outside a building
Chatter
To talk for a long time about unimportant things
Instead
In place of someone or something
Closely
Carefully; with great attention
Perhaps
Maybe; possibly
Suspicious
Causing a feeling that something is wrong
Summary — Rama to the Rescue
One night, a man and his wife hear sounds of someone breaking into their house. The thief enters and waits for them to fall asleep, thinking they are chatting about their money.
The clever wife quickly forms a plan. She starts a conversation about naming their future child "Rama." She explains they will call the child softly if he is in the house, louder if in the yard, and very loudly if in the street.
The thief is frustrated, waiting for them to stop "chatting." Suddenly, the wife calls out very loudly — "RAMA! RAMA!" — Rama, the village kotwal who patrols at night, hears his name and runs to the house. He finds the thief who dug his way in and arrests him. The couple's cleverness saves them from being robbed.
Moral: A calm and clever mind can solve any problem, even in the face of danger. Quick thinking is more powerful than physical strength.
Exercise Answers — Rama to the Rescue
Let us discuss (Page 22)
I. Circle the odd one.
1. The characters are: husband, wife, children (odd — children do not appear in the story)
2. Who entered the house? guest (odd — a guest did not enter; the robber entered and the Kotwal arrived to help)
Let us discuss (Page 23) — True or False
1. The man tells his plan to his wife. — False (It is the wife who forms and explains the clever plan)
2. The thief wants to know where they kept their jewels. — False (He wanted to find their money)
Let us think and reflect (Pages 26–27)
I.1(i) What makes the man say "What's the matter? What are you looking at?"
The wife had suddenly sat up and was staring in a particular direction, listening intently. Her alertness and silence made the man curious and worried about what she had noticed.
I.1(ii) The wife says 'Ssssh! Listen!' — what does 'Ssssh' mean here?
D. be silent
I.1(iii) How can you tell that the wife was listening carefully?
The wife could tell that the noise had stopped, which meant the thief had already entered. She said, "I think he has already got in … the noise has stopped." Her ability to figure out what had happened purely from sounds shows she was listening with complete attention.
I.2(i) The villagers caught the thief and took him to the ___________.
kotwal
I.2(ii) What do the words "Oh, Oh!" show here?
A. surprise
I.2(iii) How can you tell that the kotwal was good at his job?
The kotwal was on duty and alert at night. He immediately ran when he heard his name called. On arriving, he quickly assessed the situation — spotting that a thief had dug his way into the house — and arrested the thief without delay. This efficiency and quick response show he was skilled and dedicated.
II. Give one reason why the man and his wife were not able to fall asleep.
They could not fall asleep because they had heard someone breaking into their house and knew a thief was inside. They had to stay alert to protect themselves and find a way to get help.
III. What did the thief wish would happen? Did it happen?
The thief wished the couple would stop talking and fall asleep so he could search for their money. No, it did not happen. Instead, their "chatter" was a clever trap — it led the kotwal to their house and the thief was caught.
IV. How did the man and his wife get help from the kotwal?
The wife cleverly used the name "Rama" (the same as the village kotwal) while talking about their future baby. She described three levels of calling the name — softly, loudly, very loudly. When she called "RAMA!" very loudly, the kotwal heard it and came running, found the thief, and arrested him.
V. Do you think cleverness can help us solve our problems?
Yes, definitely. This story shows that even in a dangerous situation with a thief inside the house, the couple was able to save themselves using only their intelligence. They could not shout for help directly, but their clever plan got the message across without alerting the thief. Cleverness often succeeds where strength cannot.
Let us discuss — Story Map (Page 26)
Rama to the Rescue
Main Characters
A man and his wife (the clever couple)
Setting
A village; inside a house at night
Other Characters
Rama (the village Kotwal); a thief
Problem
A thief has broken into their house at night while they are awake but helpless to directly call for help
Solution
The wife uses the name "Rama" cleverly in conversation, calling it very loudly to alert the kotwal, who comes and arrests the thief
Grammar Exercises — Rama to the Rescue
Let us learn — Contractions (Page 28)
📌 Apostrophe marks missing letters in contractions. We use contracted forms in speaking and expanded forms in writing.
Contracted Word
Expanded Form
what's
what is
I'll
I will
I'd
I would / I had
we'll
we will
that's
that is
we're
we are
don't
do not
you'll
you will
must've
must have
I'm
I am
it's
it is
they're
they are
Let us learn — Present Progressive Tense (Page 28–29)
📌 Present Progressive Tense = am/is/are + verb + -ing. Describes an action happening at the moment of speaking.
Fill in the blanks (Page 29):
1. I am studying in Grade 6.
2. My friend is reading a story book.
3. We are playing a board game.
4. I am learning a new language.
5. The teachers are sitting in the staff room.
6. My mother is cooking food in the kitchen.
Let us learn — Adverbs (Page 30)
📌 Adverbs give more information about the verb — they answer: How? When? Where?
Adverbs table from story (Page 30):
Sentence
Question
Adverb
I'd better listen closely.
How does he listen?
closely
I'll call out softly to him.
How does she call out?
softly
Then I'll call out very loudly.
How does she call out?
loudly
Fill in blanks — Park scene (Page 30):
1. Govind and Anu funnily [playing] football.
2. Pema beautifully [picking] flowers.
3. Anil smoothly [holding] the score card.
4. The mother warmly [reading] a book.
5. The dog quickly [trying] to catch the ball.
6. The birds gracefully [flying] in the sky. (Extra words not used: hurriedly)
Fill in blanks — Forest story (Page 31):
1. animals lived peacefully
2. tortoise moved slowly
3. ants worked tirelessly
4. lion ruled honestly
5. birds sang sweetly (Extra words not used: brightly, angrily)
Let us learn — Exclamatory and Interrogative Sentences (Page 32)
📌 Exclamatory = strong feeling, ends with (!). Interrogative = asks a question, ends with (?).
Sentence (Punctuated)
Type
Wow, what an intelligent man he is!
Exclamatory
Oh, how big the hole is!
Exclamatory
Do you like to read comic books?
Interrogative
What is your favourite story?
Interrogative
Let us Listen — Security Guard Announcement (Page 32)
1. robbery has been happening in that area.
2. the kids should tell the adults as soon as they find anything different.
3. safety is the main thing.
4. call 100 when they need immediate help.
Complete Grammar Notes — Unit 1
1. Homophones
📌 Homophones: Words that sound the same but have different spellings and different meanings.
Word A
Word B (Homophone)
Meaning of Word B
I
eye
organ of sight
your
you're
short form of 'you are'
dew
due
expected at a certain time
son
sun
the star that gives us light and heat
one
won
past tense of win
ate
eight
the number 8
see
sea
a large body of salt water
Example using both homophones in one sentence: I ateeight bananas for breakfast today.
2. Present Progressive Tense
📌 Formula: am / is / are + verb + -ing → action happening right now
Examples from the textbook:
I am feeling so sleepy. [am + feel + ing]
What are you looking at? [are + look + ing]
Somebody is trying to get in. [is + try + ing]
They are saying something. [are + say + ing]
Perhaps, they are talking about their money. [are + talk + ing]
These sentences refer to actions going on at the time of speaking.
3. Contractions and Apostrophe
📌 An apostrophe (') marks the missing letter(s) when two words are joined into one short form (contraction).
I'm = I am | It's = It is | They're = They are | Don't = Do not
We use contracted forms in speaking and expanded forms in formal writing.
4. Adverbs
📌 Adverbs give more information about the verb — they tell us how, when, or where an action is done.
She called out softly. (How?) | He listened closely. (How?)
5. Alliteration
📌 Alliteration: Two or more nearby words beginning with the same consonant sound.
big beak — both begin with /b/ sound
woods would — both begin with /w/ sound
6. The Letter 's' — Two Sounds
📌 The letter 's' can make a /s/ sound or a /z/ sound depending on the word.
/s/ sound: sage, promising, sand, sea
/z/ sound: wisdom, trees, beds, clothes, was, keys, bags, nose
Both sounds:surprise — first 's' = /s/, second 's' = /z/
These are the most commonly searched questions about NCERT Class 6 English Poorvi Unit 1.
Q1. What is the moral of the story "A Bottle of Dew"?
The moral is that hard work and consistent effort are the only true paths to success. There is no magic shortcut — the sage's clever trick helped Rama Natha discover this truth through his own six years of experience.
Q2. Why did sage Mahipati trick Rama Natha instead of telling him directly?
The sage knew Rama Natha was too obsessed with the idea of a magic potion to listen to direct advice. By giving him a goal that required years of hard work, the sage channelled his determination into productive farming. The results spoke for themselves.
Q3. Who wrote "The Raven and the Fox"?
The poem was written by Jean de La Fontaine, a famous French poet and fabulist known for his collection of moral fables.
Q4. What is the moral of "The Raven and the Fox"?
The moral is: do not let pride make you foolish. Sweet flattery can be used to trick us. When we let pride cloud our judgment, we lose what we already have.
Q5. What is a kotwal? What does thaanedar mean?
A kotwal (also called thaanedar) is a village policeman or the officer in charge of a police station. In "Rama to the Rescue," Rama is the village kotwal who patrols at night.
Q6. How did the wife in "Rama to the Rescue" alert the police without the thief knowing?
The wife used the name "Rama" — the same name as the village kotwal — in a conversation about naming their baby. When she called "RAMA!" very loudly, the real Rama came running, found the thief, and arrested him. The thief thought it was just a baby-naming conversation.
Q7. What are homophones? Give examples from Unit 1.
Homophones are words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings. Examples from Unit 1: dew / due, son / sun, one / won, ate / eight, see / sea.
Q8. What is alliteration? Give an example from Unit 1.
Alliteration is the repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of nearby words. Example: "For the Raven held in his great big beak" — 'big' and 'beak' both begin with /b/. Another example: "woods would" — both begin with /w/.
Q9. What is present progressive tense? Give an example.
Present progressive tense describes an action happening at this moment. Formula: am/is/are + verb + -ing. Example: "Somebody is trying to get in."
Q10. What is the source folktale of "Rama to the Rescue"?
"Rama to the Rescue" is a folktale from Tamil Nadu, adapted as a comic strip by Amar Chitra Katha with script by Luis M. Fernandes and illustrations by Ram Waeerkar.
Q11. What is the difference between exclamatory and interrogative sentences?
Exclamatory sentences express a strong feeling and end with an exclamation mark (!). Interrogative sentences ask a question and end with a question mark (?). Example: "What a brave woman she is!" (exclamatory) vs "What is your name?" (interrogative).
Q12. What is the correct order of Madhumati's events in the listening exercise?
Correct order: (1) Visits mother, gives 2 dozen bananas → (2) Goes to market to sell → (3) Meets friend Kalawati → (4) Gives Kalawati a dozen bananas → (5) Decides to go home → (6) Meets hungry boy, gives 2 bananas → (7) Visits neighbour, gives bunch of bananas.
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